Technological advancements can make workers safer and more efficient. For example, the internet of things (IoT), is often used in the construction industry and electrical fields. According to some estimates, more than $8 billion has already been invested in IoT in construction alone. As a result, it is critical to understand what it is and how it is deployed.

How IoT works

IoT enables data and information exchange between interconnected devices. Because the internet of computing devices is embedded in everyday objects, this enables them to send and receive data. In construction, this can be done with internet-­connected sensors placed around the job site or worn by workers.

Until the last decade, most people only thought of computers, tablets and mobile phones when referring to internet-connected devices. However, a wide range of sensors enhanced with microchips are now used in everyday items. 

This includes wearables that can monitor heart rate, body temperature and vibration and even detect falls. Some examples of wearable tech are smart watches, arm bands, head protection, safety glasses, footwear and even clothing. The  IoT also includes sensors on machinery, motion detectors, cameras, facial recognition software and more.

These devices are then connected to a central database and monitored in real time. One of the most significant benefits of using this technology is improving worker safety. As a result, IoT is even more valuable in protecting workers in high-risk fields such as the construction and electrical trades.

IoT and safety

Interconnected devices can enhance safety in a variety of ways. For example, devices can be placed on machinery and technology or worn by workers to collect data. This information may include equipment operational status, physiological conditions in workers and environmental factors such as temperature, humidity, oxygen level, noise and vibration.

This data can then be extracted and analyzed to help employers identify potential hazards and risks, and implement preventive measures, safeguards and any necessary improvements to existing safety protocols. One example is using proximity and motion sensors to warn operating vehicles and machinery that people are passing. Another is using scannable QR codes placed on machinery or equipment to provide immediate regulatory information, company safety protocols for operators or manufacturer recommendations. Additionally, IoT enables employers to remotely monitor vehicles’ driving speed, acceleration/brake rates, turning, fuel consumption and idle times.

Wearables can identify physical distress or physiological warning signs of fatigue, heat stress or other impending health complications. Facial recognition software can be used to monitor workers for fatigue or alert them to potential hazards. Access control systems can manage admission into an area or track workers. This can be helpful in the event of an emergency and provide quicker access to first responders.

Downsides to this tech

Despite the benefits of IoT devices, it can be difficult to parse the collected data and understand what information can improve safety. Employers need to have a grasp on what behaviors and data points can be used to predict behavior and how to effectively incorporate it into existing safety strategies. Organizations that do not know how to navigate this area comfortably can enlist help from a consultant or third party with the appropriate expertise.

There are also major considerations in privacy and data security. Accessing colleagues’ personal and physiological information, whether by management or coworkers, poses some serious privacy concerns. How is the data viewed, used and secured, and who has access to it? In some cases, the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA) regulations may require data to be kept secure and confidential. Before adopting any policies and deploying IoT technology, be sure to follow all relevant local laws and regulations.

Bringing IoT to the job site can improve work safety, optimize efficiency, reduce theft and waste, decrease insurance premiums, enhance resource management and lead to proactive maintenance of equipment and machinery. Using this technology and others, such as artificial intelligence, robotics and augmented and virtual reality, will continue to transform the construction and electrical industry for years to come.

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