Electric vehicles are gaining momentum, heralding a new era of cleaner transportation. However, the rapid installation of EV chargers brings new risks, which include the functional safety of charging stations and significant cybersecurity concerns. As EV chargers proliferate, so do the potential vulnerabilities, presenting physical and cyber threats to homeowners and the broader power grid.
EV charger installations in residential areas have skyrocketed, driven by increased EV adoption and government incentives. However, the high voltage and current levels inherent in these chargers pose functional safety risks. Homeowners are exposed to potential electrical hazards if the chargers are not correctly installed or maintained. These safety concerns underscore the need for rigorous standards and regular inspections to ensure safe operation.
Cybersecurity is another critical issue. Modern EV chargers are equipped with communication processors that connect to smartphone apps, allowing users to monitor and manage charging remotely. This connectivity, while convenient, opens a pathway for cyberthreats. Hackers can exploit vulnerabilities in these systems to access user data, disrupt charging processes, or even manipulate the power grid.
The Department of Energy (DOE) is supporting cybersecurity safeguards for EV infrastructure. In alignment with White House initiatives to promote EV adoption, the DOE is providing funding to enhance the cybersecurity of EV chargers. An April 2024 DOE release highlighted the potential for malicious actors to infiltrate EV charging systems, access sensitive data and cause widespread disruptions, including potential blackouts.
The DOE’s Office of Cybersecurity, Energy Security, and Emergency Response (CESER) is at the forefront of this effort. CESER is investing in new cybersecurity research, development and demonstration projects to bolster the security of EV charging infrastructure. In 2023, CESER allocated $5 million to projects across DOE’s national laboratories aimed at addressing identified risks in the EV and cybersecurity sectors.
These initiatives focus on developing advanced tools and technologies to secure EV charging stations. The goal is to create a robust and resilient infrastructure capable of withstanding cyberattacks while ensuring the safe and efficient operation of EV chargers.
Vehicles can also be targets for cyberattacks. Reports indicate that cyber thieves can exploit vulnerabilities in EVs to steal them with minimal equipment. For instance, hackers can use relay attacks to intercept and manipulate radio signals used by keyless entry systems, effectively bypassing security measures.
Collaboration between government agencies, industry stakeholders and cybersecurity experts is essential. The DOE’s initiatives are a crucial step in this direction, but ongoing vigilance and innovation are needed to stay ahead of evolving threats.
Header image: Pixabay / Pete Linforth
About The Author
ROMEO is a freelance writer based in Chesapeake, Va. He focuses on business and technology topics. Find him at www.JimRomeo.net.