Scaffolding (1926.451), 2006 Violations—9,012, 2005 Ranking— 1 (8,891): This standard covers general safety requirements for scaffolding. Employers must protect construction workers from falls and falling objects while working on or near scaffolding at heights of 10 feet or more. 

Hazard Communication (1910.1200), 2006 Violations—6,704, 2005 Ranking—2 (7,267): This standard addresses chemical hazards, both those produced in the workplace and those imported into the workplace (e.g., construction materials). It also governs hazard communication to workers.

3 Fall Protection (1926.501), 2006 Violations—6,378, 2005 Ranking—3 (6,122): This standard protects construction personnel working above 6 feet. It specifies where fall protection is required, which systems are appropriate for given situations, the proper construction and installation of safety systems, and the proper supervision of employees to prevent falls.

Respiratory Protection (1910.134), 2006 Violations—4,332, 2005 Ranking—4 (4,278): This requires employers to establish and maintain a respiratory protection program and includes requirements for work site procedures, selecting and maintaining respirators, training employees, and medical evaluation.

Lockout/Tagout (1910.147), 2006 Violations—3,659, 2005 Ranking—5 (4,051): This standard describes methods for controlling hazardous energy during machinery maintenance. Lockout/tagout procedures should be followed during maintenance or repair operations to ensure power sources are locked in the “off” position, and clearly marked with a tag so other workers do not turn on a machine by accident.

Powered Industrial Trucks (1910.178), 2006 Violations—3,080, 2005 Ranking—6 (3,115): This standard covers the design, maintenance, and safe operation of powered industrial trucks such as forklifts.

Electrical—Wiring (1910.305), 2006 Violations—2,953, 2005 Ranking—7 (3,077): This standard covers grounding of electrical wiring and equipment. It includes temporary wiring and splicing, GFCI protection on construction sites, and equipment such as flexible cords and cables.

Machine Guarding (1910.212), 2006 Violations—2,749, 2005 Ranking—8 (2,956): This standard covers general safety requirements for guards that prevent injuries to employees using machines.

Ladders (1926.1053), 2006 Violations—2,329, 2005 Ranking—10 (2,276): This standard covers general requirements for constructing and using ladders, including site-built ladders on construction sites.

Electrical—General Requirements (1910.303), 2006 Violations—2,178, 2005 Ranking—9 (2,348): This standard covers general safety requirements for designing and installing electrical systems.  EC